Losartan: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and Warnings

Losartan is a medication primarily prescribed to manage high blood pressure (hypertension) and protect kidneys from damage due to diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which work by relaxing blood vessels.

Uses of Losartan

1. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Losartan effectively lowers blood pressure, reducing the risk of strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems associated with hypertension.

2. Kidney Protection: It helps protect kidneys from damage in people with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure.

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Dosage Information

• Typical Dosage: The usual starting dose for losartan is 50 mg once daily. The dosage may be adjusted based on individual response and tolerance.
• Maintenance: Most patients typically take between 25 mg to 100 mg per day, depending on their condition and doctor's recommendation.

Side Effects

• Common Side Effects: Dizziness, tiredness, headache, and dry cough may occur.
• Serious Side Effects: Rarely, losartan can cause severe allergic reactions (difficulty breathing, swelling of the face/tongue), fainting, and kidney problems. Immediate medical attention is necessary if these occur.

Warnings

• Pregnancy: Losartan should not be used during pregnancy due to the risk of harm to the fetus. Consultation with a healthcare provider is essential for women planning pregnancy or who become pregnant while taking the medication.
• Kidney Function: Patients with pre-existing kidney conditions require careful monitoring while taking losartan, as it can affect kidney function.
• Interactions: Losartan may interact with certain medications, including potassium supplements and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.

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Conclusion

Losartan is an important medication for managing hypertension and protecting kidneys in patients with diabetes. It is essential to follow dosage instructions carefully and be aware of potential side effects. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider ensures safe and effective use of losartan. Always consult with a doctor for personalized advice regarding its use and any concerns you may have.